1.1 Impact of the Current Linear Model

The linear economy based on "extract, produce, consume, and discard" has been key to industrial growth but has led to resource overexploitation. In 2021:

• The planet exhausted its resources in 7 months
• Spain consumed its resources in less than 5 months
• If everyone consumed like Spain, we would need 2.5 planets

Material extraction has tripled since 1970 and could double by 2060 if urgent action is not taken.

1.2 A New More Sustainable Model

The circular model arises as a response to the collapse of the linear economy.

• It is based on reusing, remanufacturing, sharing, recycling
• It reduces pressure on ecosystems and helps tackle the climate crisis
• It generates economic and social value while reducing environmental impacts

1.3 Circularity and the 2030 Agenda

The circular economy is directly aligned with the SDGs:

• It can reduce up to 99% of industrial waste
• It cuts 39% of global GHG emissions and 28% of raw material use
• It could generate 4.5 trillion USD in global GDP by 2030
• The ILO estimates millions of new jobs if we transition to a circular model